Foundations of Biology

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SKILLSUnit 0 - Scientific Skills

Practice observations, inferences, hypotheses, variables, data tables, graphs, and repeated trials.

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BIO.1Unit 1 - BIO.1A - Characteristics of Life

Identify the characteristics shared by living things and apply them to examples.

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BIO.1Unit 2 - BIO.1B - Macromolecules & Enzymes

Explore biological macromolecules, enzymes, and the patterns that connect structure to function.

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BIO.1Unit 3 - BIO.1C - Cells & Organelles

Compare cells, identify organelles, and connect cell structures to their jobs.

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BIO.1Unit 4 - BIO.1D - Cell Transport

Model membrane transport and explain how cells maintain homeostasis.

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BIO.1Unit 5 - BIO.1E - Cell Cycle & Asexual Reproduction

Follow the cell cycle, order the stages of mitosis, and connect cell division to asexual reproduction.

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BIO.2Unit 6 - BIO.2 - Energy Transfer

Follow energy and matter through ATP, photosynthesis, cellular respiration, and oxygen pathways.

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BIO.3Unit 7 - BIO.3A - Meiosis and Reproduction

Track chromosome number through meiosis and fertilization, then read a karyotype.

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BIO.3Unit 8 - BIO.3B - Genetics & Inheritance

Use allele letters, Punnett squares, and pedigrees to describe inheritance patterns.

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BIO.3Unit 9 - BIO.3C - DNA & Protein Synthesis

Build complementary DNA strands, then follow information from DNA to RNA to protein.

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BIO.4Unit 10 - BIO.4 - Evolution

Model natural selection, examine evolutionary evidence, and read cladogram branch points.

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BIO.5Unit 11 - BIO.5 - Ecology

Follow energy and matter through ecosystems, then model succession and population limits.

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